|
|
1793 |
|||||||||||
| South America & Caribbean:Previous Hispanola: 1793 Sonthonax’s troops compel thousands of slaves to surrender.
February 1793; British troops are welcomed to Guadeloupe and Martinique, part of the French West Indies.
Emigration is more frequent in 1793, but most who leave now came to Saint-Domingue for speculation in the prosperous economy and have few roots here. Those emigrants who take slaves with them find that blacks from the French West Indies are not welcome.
The French Revolution expands beyond its national borders, distracting the revolutionaries from social divisions.
France is now at war with Spain. The Spanish (eastern) portion of Hispanola provides sanctuary to insurrectionists from the west.
Toussaint joins the Spanish military with 600 guerrilla fighters.
In Saint-Domingue social divisions widen. A new governor is less amenable to free coloreds and Sonthonax begins to undermine him
2,000 fresh troops land at Le Cap and a battle begins. Sonthonax promises freedom to all blacks who join him.
10,000 are massacred in Cap Française as thousands of slaves overrun the city in their eagerness to take advantage of Sonthonax’s offer .
Sonthonax tries to withdraw his pledge to blacks, saying it is conditional on fighting in French companies and committing to agricultural labor when they are freed.
Army of Spanish regulars and black guerrillas invades from the east.
In August 1793 Toussaint proclaims himself Toussaint L’Ouverture. He is a Christian in command of a guerrilla army of young Africans. Most blacks still lack a leader. Having ingratiated himself to the Spanish, Toussaint proposes freedom for all blacks. The Spanish governor refuses so Toussaint makes a similar offer to the French governor.
In August 1793; most white and mulatto planters invite British to take Saint-Domingue. Although whites and free coloreds have battled in the civil war they had not yet destroyed the slave economy. The English wish to avoid insurrection on their own Caribbean colonies but also have had an eye on obtaining the French West Indies for years.
August 29,1793; Wishing to reverse the Spanish/black and the separate British invasions Sonthonax promulgates the order of emancipation of slaves on Saint-Domingue and precipitates a full-scale civil war.
Next South America & Caribbean: Captain Bligh brings breadfruit and other crops to the West Indies. |
|||||||||||
| North America:Washington President, declares neutrality in European conflict; The Fugitive Slave act; Vancouver and Mackenzie explore Canadian west; Yellow fever in Philadelphia kills 4,000; Europe becomes grain market for North American farmers; Tallyrand comes to America; Eli Terry - clockmaker. | |||||||||||
| Europe: Louis XVI executed in Paris; Spain joins Holy Roman Empire, Britain and Holland in alliance against France as monarchies fear spread of revolution; Jacobins Robespierre, Marat and Danton take over in Paris, Reign of Terror begins; hundreds of thousands are killed across France, Napoleon ,24, takes Toulon from British; compulsory education and new calendar in France, semaphore system developed; Fredrich von Schiller; Edmund Burke; French government establishes fixed prices and wages to stem inflation and famine as well as feed and provide armies; Louvre Palace becomes art museum. | |||||||||||
January 1793
 Spanish Officials: Alcaldes Ordinarios: Primer -Manuel Serrano Segundo - Nicolas D’Aunoy. Sindico Procurador General : Juan Bautista Sarpy Mayordomo de Proprios Juan de Castañedo. January 6, 1793 Mobile is the site of a Spanish Mystics parade on Twelfth Night. January 1793 the king approves Louisiana’s decision to end importation of Caribbean slaves. |
February 1793
|
March 1793
|
April 1793
Spring 1793; the Cabildo buys two more fire pumps and additional fire fighting equipment through donations from the city’s four wards. Eventually dozens of ladders and over 600 leather buckets are distributed to the Alcaldes de Barrio. |
May 1793
|
June 1793
|
July 1793
|
August 1793
August 18, 1793 The third great hurricane of the Spanish era strikes New Orleans. At least twenty two people die in the colony as damage spreads as far north as Baton Rouge. New Orleans escapes serious damage but crops are ruined and four royal galleys, as well as 29 other ships are sunk along the river. Fort San Felipe de Placaminas near the Balize is heavily damaged. |
September 1793
September 22 A plan of New Orleans drawn by Carlos Trudeau shows the four wards and lots laid out next to the upriver fortification line. In September the crown increases the import-export duties set in 1782. |
October 1793
|
November 1793
In November 1793 the Cabildo rules against a partial abandonment of flood-prone land by Bartolomé Le Breton. Many landowners had been abandoning land where levee maintainance was expensive. The councilors feared that further abandonments of weak levees would create a huge public burden. |
December 1793
|
|
Don Andres Almonester has provided Charity Hospital with an income from his rental property since 1886. Now the Cabildo, on which he has had a seat since 1790 asks him to increase his endowment. His old nemesis Reggio is dead the new troubles are led by Sindico Procurador General Sarpy. Almonester gets the Cabildo to drop the request, but when Carondelet becomes governor the others on the Cabildo take advantage of his ignorance of the history of the conflict. Carondelet appoints Gilberto Leonard as administrator of the hospital even though it was Don Andres’ right to do so. Almonester sues and petitions the king before he gets control back in 1795. |
In 1793 Governor Carondelet builds new fortifications around New Orleans. Included with the construction is a slaughterhouse for butchers that is located on Bayou St. John road. In 1793 Governor Carondelet closes at least six taverns, revenues begin to dwindle as he closed more bars. By 1797 only ten taverns are still operating. |
First recorded yellow fever outbreak.
Channel created by Red River log jam near Doyline, La.will become a steamboat route. In 1793 the Cabildo formalizes regulations for the inspection of weights and measures. |
Woodland Plantation near LaPlace in St. John the Baptist Parish, acquired in 1793 and 1808 by Manuel Andry, a commandant of the German Coast. A major 1811 slave uprising will be organized here. Ory Bros. and A. Lasseigne were last owners of the plantation. Its subdivision in 1923 spurs the growth of LaPlace. |
In 1793 a problem arises as flour merchants are making too much profit off of bakers. Sindico Procurador General Juan Sarpy works out a sliding scale to adjust the price of bread to the price of flour. Other factors that should have been calculated are the price of lard or butter, milk, yeast, salt as well as firewood, waste and spoilage, labor equipment and rent.
Also in 1793 importers claim excessive leakage in an attempt to evade taxes on liquor. The problem continues until 1795 when the Cabildo limits leakage and evaporation allowance to 10%. |
Nicholas Noel Destrehan (1793-1848) is born.
|
||||||
Go to the year 1794 | Go to the year 1794 | ||||||||||